디스코드 봇 만들기#27티켓 담당자 배정·우선순위 만들기! 스태프가 여러 명이어도 안 꼬이게 (파이썬 예제)

pip install -U discord.py aiosqlite python-dotenv

token=여기에_봇_토큰_붙여넣기

.env
tickets.db
__pycache__/

import aiosqlite
from pathlib import Path

BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
DB_PATH = BASE_DIR / "tickets.db"

CREATE_SQL = """
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tickets (
    channel_id  INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
    guild_id    INTEGER NOT NULL,
    owner_id    INTEGER NOT NULL,
    staff_id    INTEGER,
    priority    TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT 'normal',
    reason      TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    created_at  TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now', 'localtime')),
    closed      INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_tickets_open ON tickets (guild_id, closed);
"""

class TicketBot(commands.Bot):
    def __init__(self):
        intents = discord.Intents.default()
        super().__init__(command_prefix="!", intents=intents)
        self.db: aiosqlite.Connection | None = None

    async def setup_hook(self):
        self.db = await aiosqlite.connect(DB_PATH)
        self.db.row_factory = aiosqlite.Row      # row["컬럼명"] 으로 꺼내기
        await self.db.executescript(CREATE_SQL)
        await self.db.commit()

        self.add_view(TicketOpenView())          # 영구 View 재등록 (#26편 참고)
        self.add_view(TicketControlView())
        await self.tree.sync()

    async def close(self):
        if self.db is not None:
            await self.db.close()
        await super().close()

STAFF_ROLE_NAME = "스태프"

def is_staff(member: discord.Member) -> bool:
    return discord.utils.get(member.roles, name=STAFF_ROLE_NAME) is not None

class TicketControlView(discord.ui.View):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(timeout=None)      # 영구 View

    @discord.ui.button(
        label="내가 맡을게요",
        style=discord.ButtonStyle.primary,
        emoji="🙋",
        custom_id="ticket:claim",
        row=1,
    )
    async def claim(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, button: discord.ui.Button):
        if not is_staff(interaction.user):
            await interaction.response.send_message(
                "이 버튼은 스태프만 누를 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True
            )
            return

        # ⭐ 핵심: "아직 담당자가 없을 때만" 업데이트
        cursor = await bot.db.execute(
            "UPDATE tickets SET staff_id = ? WHERE channel_id = ? AND staff_id IS NULL",
            (interaction.user.id, interaction.channel_id),
        )
        await bot.db.commit()

        if cursor.rowcount == 0:
            row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
            if row is None:
                await interaction.response.send_message(
                    "DB에 없는 티켓이에요. 채널을 다시 만들어주세요.", ephemeral=True
                )
            else:
                await interaction.response.send_message(
                    f"이미 <@{row['staff_id']}> 님이 맡고 있어요!", ephemeral=True
                )
            return

        row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
        await interaction.response.edit_message(
            embed=build_ticket_embed(row, interaction.guild), view=self
        )
        await interaction.followup.send(
            f"🙋 {interaction.user.mention} 님이 이 티켓을 맡았어요!"
        )

@discord.ui.button(
    label="배정 해제",
    style=discord.ButtonStyle.secondary,
    custom_id="ticket:release",
    row=1,
)
async def release(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, button: discord.ui.Button):
    row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
    if row is None or row["staff_id"] is None:
        await interaction.response.send_message("아직 담당자가 없어요.", ephemeral=True)
        return
    # 본인이거나 서버 관리자만 해제 가능
    if row["staff_id"] != interaction.user.id and not interaction.user.guild_permissions.manage_guild:
        await interaction.response.send_message(
            "본인이 맡은 티켓만 해제할 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True
        )
        return

    await bot.db.execute(
        "UPDATE tickets SET staff_id = NULL WHERE channel_id = ?",
        (interaction.channel_id,),
    )
    await bot.db.commit()
    row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
    await interaction.response.edit_message(
        embed=build_ticket_embed(row, interaction.guild), view=self
    )

# 키: (표시 이름, 이모지, 임베드 색, 정렬 순서)
PRIORITIES = {
    "urgent": ("긴급", "🔴", 0xE74C3C, 0),
    "high":   ("높음", "🟠", 0xE67E22, 1),
    "normal": ("보통", "🟡", 0xF1C40F, 2),
    "low":    ("낮음", "🟢", 0x2ECC71, 3),
}

@discord.ui.select(
    custom_id="ticket:priority",
    placeholder="우선순위를 골라주세요",
    min_values=1,
    max_values=1,
    row=0,
    options=[
        discord.SelectOption(label="긴급", value="urgent", emoji="🔴", description="지금 바로 봐야 해요"),
        discord.SelectOption(label="높음", value="high", emoji="🟠", description="오늘 안에 처리"),
        discord.SelectOption(label="보통", value="normal", emoji="🟡", description="기본값"),
        discord.SelectOption(label="낮음", value="low", emoji="🟢", description="천천히 봐도 되는 문의"),
    ],
)
async def change_priority(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, select: discord.ui.Select):
    if not is_staff(interaction.user):
        await interaction.response.send_message(
            "우선순위는 스태프만 바꿀 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True
        )
        return

    choice = select.values[0]
    await bot.db.execute(
        "UPDATE tickets SET priority = ? WHERE channel_id = ?",
        (choice, interaction.channel_id),
    )
    await bot.db.commit()

    row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
    await interaction.response.edit_message(
        embed=build_ticket_embed(row, interaction.guild), view=self
    )

def build_ticket_embed(row, guild: discord.Guild) -> discord.Embed:
    label, emoji, color, _ = PRIORITIES[row["priority"]]
    staff_id = row["staff_id"]

    embed = discord.Embed(
        title=f"{emoji} 문의 티켓",
        description=row["reason"] or "(문의 내용이 없어요)",
        color=color,
    )
    embed.add_field(name="문의자", value=f"<@{row['owner_id']}>")
    embed.add_field(
        name="담당자",
        value=f"<@{staff_id}>" if staff_id else "아직 없어요 🙋",
    )
    embed.add_field(name="우선순위", value=f"{emoji} {label}")
    embed.set_footer(text=f"열린 시각 · {row['created_at']}")
    return embed

@bot.tree.command(name="티켓목록", description="열려 있는 티켓을 우선순위 순으로 보여줘요")
async def ticket_list(interaction: discord.Interaction):
    if not is_staff(interaction.user):
        await interaction.response.send_message("스태프만 쓸 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True)
        return

    async with bot.db.execute(
        """
        SELECT * FROM tickets
        WHERE guild_id = ? AND closed = 0
        ORDER BY CASE priority
                     WHEN 'urgent' THEN 0
                     WHEN 'high'   THEN 1
                     WHEN 'normal' THEN 2
                     ELSE 3
                 END,
                 created_at
        LIMIT 20
        """,
        (interaction.guild_id,),
    ) as cursor:
        rows = await cursor.fetchall()

    if not rows:
        await interaction.response.send_message("열려 있는 티켓이 없어요! 🎉", ephemeral=True)
        return

    embed = discord.Embed(title="📋 열려 있는 티켓", color=0x5865F2)
    unassigned = 0
    for row in rows:
        label, emoji, _, _ = PRIORITIES[row["priority"]]
        staff = f"<@{row['staff_id']}>" if row["staff_id"] else "**미배정**"
        if row["staff_id"] is None:
            unassigned += 1
        embed.add_field(
            name=f"{emoji} {label}",
            value=f"<#{row['channel_id']}> · 담당 {staff} · {row['created_at'][5:16]}",
            inline=False,
        )
    embed.set_footer(text=f"전체 {len(rows)}건 · 미배정 {unassigned}건")
    await interaction.response.send_message(embed=embed, ephemeral=True)

@bot.event
async def on_guild_channel_delete(channel: discord.abc.GuildChannel):
    await bot.db.execute(
        "UPDATE tickets SET closed = 1 WHERE channel_id = ?", (channel.id,)
    )
    await bot.db.commit()

# ticket_bot.py - 디스코드 봇 만들기 #27
# discord.py 2.7.1 / aiosqlite 0.22.x / python-dotenv 1.x / Python 3.10+

import datetime
import os
from pathlib import Path

import aiosqlite
import discord
from discord.ext import commands
from dotenv import load_dotenv

BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent
load_dotenv(BASE_DIR / ".env")
token = os.getenv("token")

DB_PATH = BASE_DIR / "tickets.db"
TICKET_CATEGORY_NAME = "📮 문의 티켓"
STAFF_ROLE_NAME = "스태프"

# 키: (표시 이름, 이모지, 임베드 색, 정렬 순서)
PRIORITIES = {
    "urgent": ("긴급", "🔴", 0xE74C3C, 0),
    "high":   ("높음", "🟠", 0xE67E22, 1),
    "normal": ("보통", "🟡", 0xF1C40F, 2),
    "low":    ("낮음", "🟢", 0x2ECC71, 3),
}

CREATE_SQL = """
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tickets (
    channel_id  INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
    guild_id    INTEGER NOT NULL,
    owner_id    INTEGER NOT NULL,
    staff_id    INTEGER,
    priority    TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT 'normal',
    reason      TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    created_at  TEXT    NOT NULL DEFAULT (datetime('now', 'localtime')),
    closed      INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0
);
CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_tickets_open ON tickets (guild_id, closed);
"""

# ─────────────────────────────── 봇 ───────────────────────────────
class TicketBot(commands.Bot):
    def __init__(self):
        intents = discord.Intents.default()
        super().__init__(command_prefix="!", intents=intents)
        self.db: aiosqlite.Connection | None = None

    async def setup_hook(self):
        self.db = await aiosqlite.connect(DB_PATH)
        self.db.row_factory = aiosqlite.Row
        await self.db.executescript(CREATE_SQL)
        await self.db.commit()

        self.add_view(TicketOpenView())
        self.add_view(TicketControlView())
        await self.tree.sync()
        print("준비 완료 — DB와 영구 View 등록 끝")

    async def close(self):
        if self.db is not None:
            await self.db.close()
        await super().close()

bot = TicketBot()

# ────────────────────────────── 도우미 ─────────────────────────────
def is_staff(member: discord.Member) -> bool:
    return discord.utils.get(member.roles, name=STAFF_ROLE_NAME) is not None

async def fetch_ticket(channel_id: int):
    async with bot.db.execute(
        "SELECT * FROM tickets WHERE channel_id = ?", (channel_id,)
    ) as cursor:
        return await cursor.fetchone()

def build_ticket_embed(row, guild: discord.Guild) -> discord.Embed:
    label, emoji, color, _ = PRIORITIES[row["priority"]]
    staff_id = row["staff_id"]

    embed = discord.Embed(
        title=f"{emoji} 문의 티켓",
        description=row["reason"] or "(문의 내용이 없어요)",
        color=color,
    )
    embed.add_field(name="문의자", value=f"<@{row['owner_id']}>")
    embed.add_field(name="담당자", value=f"<@{staff_id}>" if staff_id else "아직 없어요 🙋")
    embed.add_field(name="우선순위", value=f"{emoji} {label}")
    embed.set_footer(text=f"열린 시각 · {row['created_at']}")
    return embed

# ────────────────────── 티켓 열기 (#26편 요약본) ──────────────────────
class TicketOpenView(discord.ui.View):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(timeout=None)

    @discord.ui.button(
        label="문의하기", style=discord.ButtonStyle.success,
        emoji="📮", custom_id="ticket:open",
    )
    async def open_ticket(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, button: discord.ui.Button):
        guild = interaction.guild
        async with bot.db.execute(
            "SELECT channel_id FROM tickets WHERE guild_id = ? AND owner_id = ? AND closed = 0",
            (guild.id, interaction.user.id),
        ) as cursor:
            exists = await cursor.fetchone()
        if exists:
            await interaction.response.send_message(
                f"이미 열려 있는 티켓이 있어요! <#{exists['channel_id']}>", ephemeral=True
            )
            return

        await interaction.response.defer(ephemeral=True, thinking=True)

        category = discord.utils.get(guild.categories, name=TICKET_CATEGORY_NAME)
        if category is None:
            category = await guild.create_category(TICKET_CATEGORY_NAME)

        staff_role = discord.utils.get(guild.roles, name=STAFF_ROLE_NAME)
        overwrites = {
            guild.default_role: discord.PermissionOverwrite(view_channel=False),
            interaction.user: discord.PermissionOverwrite(view_channel=True, send_messages=True),
            guild.me: discord.PermissionOverwrite(view_channel=True, send_messages=True),
        }
        if staff_role is not None:
            overwrites[staff_role] = discord.PermissionOverwrite(
                view_channel=True, send_messages=True
            )

        channel = await guild.create_text_channel(
            name=f"티켓-{interaction.user.name}",
            category=category,
            overwrites=overwrites,
        )

        await bot.db.execute(
            "INSERT INTO tickets (channel_id, guild_id, owner_id, reason) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?)",
            (channel.id, guild.id, interaction.user.id, "문의 내용을 적어주세요."),
        )
        await bot.db.commit()

        row = await fetch_ticket(channel.id)
        message = await channel.send(
            content=interaction.user.mention,
            embed=build_ticket_embed(row, guild),
            view=TicketControlView(),
        )
        await message.pin()
        await interaction.followup.send(f"티켓을 만들었어요! {channel.mention}", ephemeral=True)

# ───────────────────── 담당자·우선순위 컨트롤 패널 ─────────────────────
class TicketControlView(discord.ui.View):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(timeout=None)

    @discord.ui.select(
        custom_id="ticket:priority",
        placeholder="우선순위를 골라주세요",
        min_values=1,
        max_values=1,
        row=0,
        options=[
            discord.SelectOption(label="긴급", value="urgent", emoji="🔴", description="지금 바로 봐야 해요"),
            discord.SelectOption(label="높음", value="high", emoji="🟠", description="오늘 안에 처리"),
            discord.SelectOption(label="보통", value="normal", emoji="🟡", description="기본값"),
            discord.SelectOption(label="낮음", value="low", emoji="🟢", description="천천히 봐도 되는 문의"),
        ],
    )
    async def change_priority(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, select: discord.ui.Select):
        if not is_staff(interaction.user):
            await interaction.response.send_message("우선순위는 스태프만 바꿀 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True)
            return

        await bot.db.execute(
            "UPDATE tickets SET priority = ? WHERE channel_id = ?",
            (select.values[0], interaction.channel_id),
        )
        await bot.db.commit()

        row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
        await interaction.response.edit_message(
            embed=build_ticket_embed(row, interaction.guild), view=self
        )

    @discord.ui.button(
        label="내가 맡을게요", style=discord.ButtonStyle.primary,
        emoji="🙋", custom_id="ticket:claim", row=1,
    )
    async def claim(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, button: discord.ui.Button):
        if not is_staff(interaction.user):
            await interaction.response.send_message("이 버튼은 스태프만 누를 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True)
            return

        cursor = await bot.db.execute(
            "UPDATE tickets SET staff_id = ? WHERE channel_id = ? AND staff_id IS NULL",
            (interaction.user.id, interaction.channel_id),
        )
        await bot.db.commit()

        if cursor.rowcount == 0:
            row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
            if row is None:
                await interaction.response.send_message(
                    "DB에 없는 티켓이에요. 채널을 다시 만들어주세요.", ephemeral=True
                )
            else:
                await interaction.response.send_message(
                    f"이미 <@{row['staff_id']}> 님이 맡고 있어요!", ephemeral=True
                )
            return

        row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
        await interaction.response.edit_message(
            embed=build_ticket_embed(row, interaction.guild), view=self
        )
        await interaction.followup.send(f"🙋 {interaction.user.mention} 님이 이 티켓을 맡았어요!")

    @discord.ui.button(
        label="배정 해제", style=discord.ButtonStyle.secondary,
        custom_id="ticket:release", row=1,
    )
    async def release(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, button: discord.ui.Button):
        row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
        if row is None or row["staff_id"] is None:
            await interaction.response.send_message("아직 담당자가 없어요.", ephemeral=True)
            return
        if row["staff_id"] != interaction.user.id and not interaction.user.guild_permissions.manage_guild:
            await interaction.response.send_message("본인이 맡은 티켓만 해제할 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True)
            return

        await bot.db.execute(
            "UPDATE tickets SET staff_id = NULL WHERE channel_id = ?", (interaction.channel_id,)
        )
        await bot.db.commit()

        row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
        await interaction.response.edit_message(
            embed=build_ticket_embed(row, interaction.guild), view=self
        )

    @discord.ui.button(
        label="티켓 닫기", style=discord.ButtonStyle.danger,
        emoji="🔒", custom_id="ticket:close", row=1,
    )
    async def close_ticket(self, interaction: discord.Interaction, button: discord.ui.Button):
        row = await fetch_ticket(interaction.channel_id)
        if row is None:
            await interaction.response.send_message("티켓 채널이 아니에요.", ephemeral=True)
            return
        if not is_staff(interaction.user) and interaction.user.id != row["owner_id"]:
            await interaction.response.send_message("닫을 권한이 없어요.", ephemeral=True)
            return

        await bot.db.execute(
            "UPDATE tickets SET closed = 1 WHERE channel_id = ?", (interaction.channel_id,)
        )
        await bot.db.commit()
        await interaction.response.send_message("티켓을 닫을게요. 5초 뒤 채널이 사라져요 🔒")
        await discord.utils.sleep_until(
            discord.utils.utcnow() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)
        )
        await interaction.channel.delete(reason="티켓 종료")

# ───────────────────────────── 명령어 ─────────────────────────────
@bot.tree.command(name="티켓패널", description="문의하기 버튼을 이 채널에 설치해요")
async def ticket_panel(interaction: discord.Interaction):
    if not interaction.user.guild_permissions.manage_guild:
        await interaction.response.send_message("서버 관리 권한이 필요해요.", ephemeral=True)
        return
    embed = discord.Embed(
        title="📮 문의하기",
        description="아래 버튼을 누르면 스태프와 1:1로 대화할 채널이 만들어져요.",
        color=0x5865F2,
    )
    await interaction.channel.send(embed=embed, view=TicketOpenView())
    await interaction.response.send_message("설치했어요!", ephemeral=True)

@bot.tree.command(name="티켓목록", description="열려 있는 티켓을 우선순위 순으로 보여줘요")
async def ticket_list(interaction: discord.Interaction):
    if not is_staff(interaction.user):
        await interaction.response.send_message("스태프만 쓸 수 있어요.", ephemeral=True)
        return

    async with bot.db.execute(
        """
        SELECT * FROM tickets
        WHERE guild_id = ? AND closed = 0
        ORDER BY CASE priority
                     WHEN 'urgent' THEN 0
                     WHEN 'high'   THEN 1
                     WHEN 'normal' THEN 2
                     ELSE 3
                 END,
                 created_at
        LIMIT 20
        """,
        (interaction.guild_id,),
    ) as cursor:
        rows = await cursor.fetchall()

    if not rows:
        await interaction.response.send_message("열려 있는 티켓이 없어요! 🎉", ephemeral=True)
        return

    embed = discord.Embed(title="📋 열려 있는 티켓", color=0x5865F2)
    unassigned = 0
    for row in rows:
        label, emoji, _, _ = PRIORITIES[row["priority"]]
        if row["staff_id"] is None:
            unassigned += 1
            staff = "**미배정**"
        else:
            staff = f"<@{row['staff_id']}>"
        embed.add_field(
            name=f"{emoji} {label}",
            value=f"<#{row['channel_id']}> · 담당 {staff} · {row['created_at'][5:16]}",
            inline=False,
        )
    embed.set_footer(text=f"전체 {len(rows)}건 · 미배정 {unassigned}건")
    await interaction.response.send_message(embed=embed, ephemeral=True)

@bot.event
async def on_guild_channel_delete(channel: discord.abc.GuildChannel):
    await bot.db.execute(
        "UPDATE tickets SET closed = 1 WHERE channel_id = ?", (channel.id,)
    )
    await bot.db.commit()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    if not token:
        raise SystemExit(".env 에 token 이 없어요. 확인해주세요.")
    bot.run(token)

ticket-bot/
├─ .env            # token=...
├─ .gitignore      # .env, tickets.db
├─ ticket_bot.py
└─ tickets.db      # 첫 실행 때 자동으로 생겨요

ALTER TABLE tickets ADD COLUMN staff_id INTEGER;
ALTER TABLE tickets ADD COLUMN priority TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'normal';